In Ontario, Additional Dwelling Units (ADU’s) refer to secondary living spaces that are created within a primary residential property. These units are intended to increase the supply of affordable housing, promote more efficient land use, and support multi-generational living, rental income, and affordable housing options.
ADUs in Ontario typically come in two forms:
- Secondary Suites: These are self-contained living units, such as basement apartments or converted attics, that are created within an existing single-family home. A secondary suite usually includes its own kitchen, bathroom, and living space, and is intended for one or more people to live independently of the main household.
- Coach Homes/Garden Suites: These are standalone, smaller housing units that are built on the same lot as an existing primary residence. They are often temporary, prefabricated, or modular homes that can be placed in a backyard or on other parts of the property.
Key Regulations and Guidelines for ADUs in Ontario
Zoning Bylaws: Municipalities in Ontario have their own zoning regulations, which dictate where and how ADUs can be constructed. However, the provincial government has been encouraging municipalities to allow ADUs in more residential areas to help address the housing shortage. The zoning bylaw will typically specify if ADUs are allowed in a given area, as well as restrictions on things like maximum size, parking requirements, and entrance locations.
Building Code Compliance: ADUs must meet the Ontario Building Code (OBC) for safety and habitability. This includes ensuring proper ventilation, structural integrity, fire safety, and accessibility. For example, a basement apartment must have appropriate ceiling height and egress windows for safety in case of an emergency.
Permits: A property owner must obtain the necessary permits to create an ADU. This typically involves submitting building plans and having the construction inspected.
Benefits of ADUs:
Affordable Housing: ADUs provide an affordable housing option for renters, and they can help reduce housing demand by increasing the housing stock in established neighborhoods.
Income Generation: Homeowners can rent out their ADUs to generate extra income, which can help offset mortgage or maintenance costs.
Multi-Generational Living: ADUs offer a solution for families who wish to house elderly parents, adult children, or other relatives in a separate but close living space.